What You Should Know About Amphetamine XR Side Effects

Starting a new medication can feel nerve-wracking, especially when it's a stimulant. If you or your child has been prescribed Amphetamine XR for ADHD, it's normal to wonder what side effects to expect — and which ones are serious enough to call your doctor about.

This guide covers the most common side effects, the rare but serious ones to watch for, and practical tips for managing them.

What Is Amphetamine XR?

Amphetamine XR is an extended-release CNS stimulant prescribed to treat ADHD in patients aged 6 and older. Brand names include Dyanavel XR (an oral suspension) and Adzenys XR-ODT (an orally disintegrating tablet). It works by increasing levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, which helps improve focus, attention, and impulse control. For a deeper look, see our guide on what Amphetamine XR is and how it's used.

Common Side Effects

Most people who take Amphetamine XR experience mild side effects, especially during the first few weeks. These often improve as your body adjusts. The most common include:

• Decreased appetite — This is the most frequently reported side effect. Many people notice they're less hungry, especially during the day while the medication is active.
• Insomnia or trouble sleeping — Because Amphetamine XR is a stimulant, it can make it hard to fall asleep. Taking it early in the morning helps reduce this effect.
• Nausea or stomach pain — Some people experience mild nausea or abdominal discomfort, particularly when starting the medication.
• Weight loss — Reduced appetite can lead to weight loss over time, which is especially important to monitor in children and teens.
• Irritability or mood swings — Some people feel more irritable or emotionally sensitive, especially as the medication wears off in the evening.
• Dry mouth — Staying hydrated and chewing sugar-free gum can help.
• Headache — Usually mild and temporary.
• Dizziness — Getting up slowly from sitting or lying positions can help prevent this.

These side effects are generally manageable and often improve within the first 2 to 4 weeks. If they persist or become bothersome, talk to your doctor — a dose adjustment may help.

Serious Side Effects

While rare, some side effects of Amphetamine XR are serious and require immediate medical attention. Contact your doctor or seek emergency care if you experience:

• Heart-related symptoms — Chest pain, shortness of breath, fainting, or a rapid or irregular heartbeat. Stimulants can increase blood pressure and heart rate, and in rare cases have been linked to sudden cardiac events.
• Psychiatric symptoms — New or worsening psychosis (hallucinations, delusions), mania, or extreme aggression. These are rare but can occur, especially in patients with a personal or family history of mental health conditions.
• Circulation problems — Unexplained wounds on fingers or toes, or skin color changes (pale, blue, or red). This may indicate Raynaud's phenomenon or peripheral vasculopathy.
• Serotonin syndrome — Agitation, confusion, rapid heart rate, high blood pressure, dilated pupils, muscle twitching, or high fever. This can occur when Amphetamine XR is taken with serotonergic drugs like SSRIs or SNRIs.
• Seizures — While uncommon, stimulants may lower the seizure threshold in some patients.

Important: Amphetamine XR carries a boxed warning about the potential for abuse and dependence. Take it exactly as prescribed and never share it with others.

Side Effects in Specific Populations

Children and Adolescents

Children are more likely to experience appetite suppression and weight loss. Long-term use may also slow growth (both height and weight), so pediatricians typically monitor growth at regular intervals. Mood changes and irritability may also be more noticeable in younger patients.

Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Amphetamine XR may cause harm during pregnancy, and limited data is available on safety. It is excreted in breast milk and is not recommended for nursing mothers. If you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding, discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor.

Patients with Heart Conditions

Amphetamine XR is contraindicated in patients with symptomatic cardiovascular disease, moderate to severe hypertension, or advanced arteriosclerosis. Your doctor should check your blood pressure and heart rate before starting treatment and at follow-up visits.

How to Manage Side Effects

Here are some practical tips that may help:

• Take it early in the morning to reduce insomnia.
• Eat a good breakfast before taking the medication, since appetite tends to drop later in the day.
• Plan calorie-dense snacks for the evening when appetite may return.
• Stay hydrated throughout the day to help with dry mouth and headaches.
• Track your symptoms in a journal or app so you can share specifics with your doctor at follow-up visits.
• Don't adjust your dose on your own — always talk to your doctor first.

If side effects are significantly impacting your quality of life, your doctor may lower your dose, switch the timing, or consider an alternative medication.

Final Thoughts

Most people tolerate Amphetamine XR well, and mild side effects like appetite changes and trouble sleeping are common in the beginning. Serious side effects are rare but important to recognize. The key is staying in close communication with your doctor, especially during the first few months.

If you're new to Amphetamine XR, learn more about how it works in your body and how to find a doctor who can help manage your treatment. And if you're having trouble filling your prescription, use Medfinder to check pharmacy availability near you.