Comprehensive medication guide to Guanfacine including estimated pricing, availability information, side effects, and how to find it in stock at your local pharmacy.
Estimated Insurance Pricing
$0–$30 copay for generic Guanfacine on most commercial plans; Tier 1–2 coverage; Medicare and Medicaid may require prior authorization for the ER formulation.
Estimated Cash Pricing
$16–$20 retail for generic Guanfacine IR (30 tablets); $218 average retail for generic Guanfacine ER; as low as $9.45 with GoodRx or $15 with SingleCare for a 30-day supply.
Medfinder Findability Score
82/100
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Guanfacine is a prescription medication used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and high blood pressure (hypertension). It is sold under the brand name Intuniv (extended-release) and was formerly available as Tenex (immediate-release). Generic versions of both formulations are widely available.
Guanfacine is a non-stimulant and is not a DEA-scheduled controlled substance. This distinguishes it from stimulant ADHD medications like amphetamines (Adderall) and methylphenidate (Ritalin/Concerta). It was first approved by the FDA for hypertension in 1986, and the extended-release formulation was approved for ADHD in children and adolescents (ages 6–17) in 2010.
In 2023, Guanfacine was the 263rd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with over 1 million prescriptions. Common off-label uses include adult ADHD, anxiety disorders, PTSD, and tic disorders.
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Guanfacine is a selective alpha-2A adrenergic receptor agonist. It works by binding to and activating alpha-2A receptors, which are highly concentrated in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) — the brain region responsible for attention, impulse control, and behavioral regulation. By strengthening the connections between PFC neurons, Guanfacine improves executive function deficits associated with ADHD.
Activating alpha-2A receptors also reduces sympathetic nervous system activity — the brain's "fight or flight" response. This lowers heart rate and relaxes blood vessel walls, which is how Guanfacine treats hypertension. Guanfacine is 15–20 times more selective for the alpha-2A receptor subtype than Clonidine, which accounts for its relatively more favorable side effect profile with less sedation.
Guanfacine is primarily metabolized by the liver enzyme CYP3A4. This means that drugs affecting CYP3A4 (inhibitors raise Guanfacine levels; inducers lower them) can significantly change its effectiveness and side effect profile. Dose adjustments are required when combining Guanfacine with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors or inducers.
1 mg IR — tablet
Immediate-release; for hypertension
2 mg IR — tablet
Immediate-release; for hypertension
1 mg ER — tablet
Extended-release; for ADHD; starting dose
2 mg ER — tablet
Extended-release; for ADHD
3 mg ER — tablet
Extended-release; for ADHD
4 mg ER — tablet
Extended-release; maximum for ages 6–12
As of 2026, Guanfacine is not on the FDA's active drug shortage list. Generic Guanfacine is manufactured by multiple companies, providing supply redundancy. Overall national availability is good. However, localized pharmacy-level stock-outs occur — especially for higher-strength ER tablets (3 mg and 4 mg) — partly due to increased demand from patients who have been switched from stimulant medications during the ongoing ADHD stimulant shortage.
Guanfacine IR (1 mg and 2 mg) is widely available and rarely presents availability issues. Guanfacine ER at lower strengths (1 mg, 2 mg) is generally consistently stocked; the 3 mg and 4 mg strengths are ordered less frequently and may require more pharmacy calls. Independent pharmacies often have more sourcing flexibility than chain pharmacies for these less-common strengths.
If you're having trouble finding Guanfacine in stock, medfinder can contact pharmacies near you to identify which ones have your specific strength available. This saves hours of phone calls and helps ensure you never run out of this medication, which should never be stopped abruptly.
Guanfacine is not a controlled substance, so any licensed prescriber can legally write a prescription for it without special DEA registration or controlled substance limitations. This makes it widely accessible through a variety of provider types.
Psychiatrists — most common for adult ADHD and complex pediatric cases
Pediatricians — frequently manage ADHD in children 6–17 including Guanfacine ER prescribing
Primary Care Physicians (PCPs) / Family Medicine — can prescribe for both ADHD and hypertension
Neurologists — may prescribe for ADHD, Tourette syndrome, and tic disorders
Nurse Practitioners (NPs) and Physician Assistants (PAs) — can independently prescribe in most states without restriction
Because Guanfacine is non-controlled, telehealth prescribing is available without any in-person visit requirement. This makes it significantly more accessible than stimulant ADHD medications. Telehealth platforms including Done, Cerebral, Talkiatry, and general platforms (Teladoc, MDLive) can prescribe Guanfacine for appropriate patients.
No. Guanfacine is not a DEA-scheduled controlled substance. Unlike stimulant ADHD medications (Adderall, Ritalin — Schedule II), Guanfacine has no known abuse potential or dependency risk and is not subject to DEA production quotas or controlled substance dispensing restrictions.
Practical implications of non-controlled status: Guanfacine can be prescribed via telehealth without requiring an in-person visit first. Prescribers can write 90-day supplies. There are no limits on the number of refills, and the prescription can be transferred between pharmacies. Mail-order fulfillment is straightforward and unrestricted. This makes Guanfacine significantly easier to access than Schedule II stimulant medications.
Note: While Guanfacine itself is not controlled, it should never be stopped abruptly. Sudden discontinuation can cause rebound hypertension, anxiety, and elevated heart rate. Always follow your prescriber's guidance when discontinuing.
The most frequently reported side effects of Guanfacine in clinical trials include:
Somnolence (sleepiness) — most common, especially when starting or increasing dose
Fatigue — often improves after 2–4 weeks on a stable dose
Headache
Abdominal pain / stomach upset
Dry mouth
Constipation
Dizziness or lightheadedness (orthostatic hypotension)
Low blood pressure (hypotension)
Bradycardia (slow heart rate)
Serious side effects requiring prompt medical attention:
Fainting (syncope)
Very slow or irregular heartbeat
Severe allergic reaction (hives, difficulty breathing, swelling)
Rebound hypertension (if stopped abruptly) — seek immediate medical care
Severe skin rash or skin peeling
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Clonidine (Kapvay)
Most similar alpha-2 agonist; FDA-approved for ADHD; more sedating than Guanfacine; less expensive as generic
Atomoxetine (Strattera)
Non-stimulant SNRI; FDA-approved for ADHD in adults and children; slower onset; black box warning for pediatric suicidal ideation
Viloxazine (Qelbree)
Newer non-stimulant; FDA-approved for ADHD in children 6–17; brand only; less sedating
Methylphenidate (Ritalin/Concerta)
Stimulant; first-line ADHD treatment; Schedule II controlled substance; subject to DEA quotas
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CYP3A4 Inhibitors (ketoconazole, clarithromycin, ritonavir)
majorIncrease Guanfacine blood levels; reduce Guanfacine dose by 50% when co-administered
CYP3A4 Inducers (rifampin, carbamazepine, St. John's Wort)
majorDecrease Guanfacine blood levels; may need to double Guanfacine dose; St. John's Wort should be avoided
CNS Depressants (opioids, benzodiazepines, alcohol)
majorAdditive sedation and CNS depression; avoid or use with extreme caution
Antihypertensive medications
moderateAdditive blood pressure lowering; monitor for hypotension and adjust doses accordingly
Tricyclic Antidepressants (amitriptyline, doxepin)
moderateMay reduce Guanfacine effectiveness; monitor blood pressure closely
Grapefruit juice
moderateNatural CYP3A4 inhibitor; avoid while taking Guanfacine ER
Guanfacine is an effective, well-established non-stimulant medication for ADHD and hypertension with a generally favorable availability profile in 2026. It is not subject to the DEA production quotas that have contributed to stimulant shortages, and generic availability from multiple manufacturers means nationwide supply is stable. Patients may encounter localized pharmacy stock-outs, particularly for higher-strength ER formulations, but these are typically manageable with proactive planning.
The most important safety consideration with Guanfacine is that it must never be stopped abruptly. Rebound hypertension is a real and potentially dangerous risk. Patients should always maintain at least a week's supply in advance and have a plan in place if their usual pharmacy runs out.
For cost, generic Guanfacine ER is available for under $10–$15 per month with discount cards, making it one of the more affordable ADHD medications available. If you need help locating it in stock at a pharmacy near you, medfinder can do the searching for you.
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