Klonopin Side Effects: What You Need to Know

Klonopin (Clonazepam) is a benzodiazepine prescribed for panic disorder and seizure disorders. Like all medications, it comes with potential side effects — some mild and temporary, others serious enough to require immediate medical attention.

This guide covers the most common Klonopin side effects, the serious ones you should watch for, and practical tips for managing them.

What Is Klonopin?

Klonopin is the brand name for Clonazepam, a Schedule IV controlled substance. It works by enhancing the activity of GABA, a neurotransmitter that calms nerve activity in the brain. It's manufactured by Genentech (Roche) and is available as both brand-name tablets and generic Clonazepam.

Common Side Effects

These side effects are the most frequently reported and usually improve as your body adjusts to the medication. They tend to be most noticeable when you first start taking Klonopin or when your dose is increased.

• Drowsiness — The most common side effect. Reported by up to 50% of patients. Usually worst during the first few weeks.
• Dizziness — May occur when standing up quickly. Affects coordination and balance.
• Fatigue — A general sense of tiredness beyond normal drowsiness.
• Coordination problems (ataxia) — Unsteady walking, clumsiness, or difficulty with fine motor tasks.
• Memory impairment — Difficulty forming new memories, especially at higher doses.
• Depression — Some patients experience worsening mood, especially with long-term use.
• Increased salivation — More common in children and at higher doses used for seizure disorders.
• Blurred vision — Usually mild and temporary.
• Cognitive impairment — Difficulty concentrating, slowed thinking, or mental "fog."

Most of these common side effects are dose-related — meaning they're more likely at higher doses and may improve if your doctor lowers your dose.

Serious Side Effects

These side effects are less common but require immediate medical attention. Contact your doctor right away — or call 911 — if you experience any of the following:

Respiratory Depression

Klonopin carries an FDA boxed warning about the risk of respiratory depression, especially when combined with opioids or alcohol. Symptoms include very slow or shallow breathing, extreme drowsiness, or difficulty waking up. This can be fatal.

Severe Allergic Reactions

Signs include swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat; difficulty breathing; or a severe rash. Seek emergency care immediately.

Suicidal Thoughts or Behavior

Like all anticonvulsants, Klonopin carries an FDA warning about increased risk of suicidal thoughts. This risk is small but important — especially in the first few months of treatment or after dose changes. Tell your doctor right away if you notice worsening depression or thoughts of self-harm.

Paradoxical Reactions

In rare cases, Klonopin can cause the opposite of its intended effect — increased agitation, aggression, irritability, or hostility. This is more common in children and elderly patients. If this happens, contact your doctor.

Seizures From Abrupt Withdrawal

If you've been taking Klonopin regularly and stop suddenly, you can experience withdrawal seizures — even if you were taking it for anxiety, not epilepsy. Never stop Klonopin abruptly. Your doctor will create a gradual tapering plan when it's time to discontinue.

Physical Dependence and Addiction

Klonopin can cause physical dependence, even when taken as prescribed. The risk increases with higher doses and longer use. The updated FDA boxed warning (September 2020) specifically addresses risks of abuse, misuse, addiction, and withdrawal.

Side Effects in Specific Populations

Elderly Patients

Older adults are more sensitive to Klonopin's effects. They face higher risks of falls, confusion, over-sedation, and cognitive impairment. The American Geriatrics Society's Beers Criteria lists benzodiazepines as potentially inappropriate for adults 65 and older.

Pregnant Women

Klonopin use during pregnancy can cause neonatal withdrawal symptoms and "floppy infant syndrome" (poor muscle tone). It should be avoided during pregnancy unless the benefits clearly outweigh the risks. Talk to your OB/GYN and prescribing doctor if you become pregnant while taking Klonopin.

Breastfeeding

Clonazepam passes into breast milk. It is generally not recommended during breastfeeding due to the risk of sedation in the infant.

Patients With Liver Disease

Klonopin is metabolized by the liver. Patients with significant liver disease are contraindicated from taking it, as the drug may accumulate and increase the risk of severe side effects.

Patients With Respiratory Disease

People with COPD, sleep apnea, or other breathing conditions should use Klonopin with extra caution, as it can worsen respiratory function.

How to Manage Common Side Effects

If you're experiencing mild side effects from Klonopin, here are some strategies that may help:

• Drowsiness: Take your dose at bedtime if your doctor approves. Avoid driving until you know how the medication affects you.
• Dizziness: Stand up slowly from sitting or lying positions. Stay hydrated.
• Memory issues: Use a pill organizer, set reminders, and keep a daily to-do list. Talk to your doctor if memory problems are significant.
• Coordination problems: Avoid activities that require sharp reflexes until side effects stabilize. Use handrails on stairs.
• Fatigue: Maintain a consistent sleep schedule. Light exercise during the day (with your doctor's approval) can help.

If side effects don't improve after a few weeks, or if they interfere with your daily life, talk to your doctor. They may adjust your dose or discuss alternative medications.

When to Call Your Doctor

Call your doctor if you experience:

• New or worsening depression
• Thoughts of self-harm or suicide
• Unusual mood changes or behavioral changes
• Significant memory problems
• Signs of allergic reaction

Call 911 or go to the ER if you experience:

• Very slow, shallow, or stopped breathing
• Extreme difficulty waking up
• Seizures
• Swelling of face, lips, or throat

Final Thoughts

Most people tolerate Klonopin well, especially at lower doses. The most common side effects — drowsiness, dizziness, and fatigue — usually improve with time. But the serious risks, particularly respiratory depression when combined with opioids and the potential for dependence, are important to understand before starting treatment.

Keep an open line of communication with your doctor about how you're feeling. And if you're having trouble finding Klonopin at your pharmacy due to the ongoing shortage, use Medfinder to check pharmacy availability near you.